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The Return of Martin Guerre by Natalie Zemon Davis
Book Summary InformationAuthor: Natalie Zemon Davis Edition: Paperback Published: 1984-07 ISBN: 0674766911 Number of pages: 176 Publisher: Harvard University Press
Book Reviews of The Return of Martin GuerreBook Review: Intriguing and well researched Summary: 4 StarsThis companion volume to the film (it was written as that, expressly) can be read and enjoyed by someone who's never seen that film. That would be me, as it happens.
A 16th Century peasant named Martin Guerre abandons his wife and child, and disappears from his home area completely for many years. When a man arrives in their village claiming to be the long absent Martin, and knowing details about his life there, his family decides that the physical differences they see must be due to the time that's passed. After all, the Martin who went away was no more than a youth. Eventually, though, Martin's uncle makes up his mind that this man is an imposter. Bertrande de Rols, Martin's wife, finds herself in an awkward position because the suit is filed in her name. Yet she has lived with "Martin" for several years since his return, and has borne him more children. Can she really have been so mistaken? Was she aware from the beginning, but chose to participate in the deception? Or is this man truly Martin Guerre, despite what his uncle and others now say? Into the midst of the legal proceedings walks a man with a wooden leg. A man who says that he is the true Martin Guerre, come home at last after hearing that an imposter has taken his place. Taken his wife, and his inheritance.
That's the story. The author makes no attempt at suspense, assuming that most of her readers know it already. The book's purpose is not to tell Martin Guerre's tale; rather, it's to illuminate it. With careful research into the customs of the time and place, and equally carefully analysis of accounts published not long after the events took place, the author makes sense out of the characters and their behavior in a way that isn't possible without such background. The roles of women and men in their society, the way economic and legal systems functioned, and the tension between Roman Catholicism and ascendant Protestantism all play their parts in motivating Martin, Bertrande, and the story's other actors. A fascinating piece of work, especially in its final chapters with their explanation of how publishing operated during the time when contemporary (or at least relatively contemporary) accounts of Martin Guerre's case were created.
Summary of The Return of Martin Guerre The Inventive Peasant Arnaud du Tilh had almost persuaded the learned judges at the Parlement of Toulouse, when on a summer's day in 1560 a man swaggered into the court on a wooden leg, denounced Arnaud, and reestablished his claim to the identity, property, and wife of Martin Guerre. The astonishing case captured the imagination of the Continent. Told and retold over the centuries, the story of Martin Guerre became a legend, still remembered in the Pyrenean village where the impostor was executed more than 400 years ago. Now a noted historian, who served as consultant for a new French film on Martin Guerre, has searched archives and lawbooks to add new dimensions to a tale already abundant in mysteries: we are led to ponder how a common man could become an impostor in the sixteenth century, why Bertrande de Rols, an honorable peasant woman, would accept such a man as her husband, and why lawyers, poets, and men of letters like Montaigne became so fascinated with the episode. Natalie Zemon Davis reconstructs the lives of ordinary people, in a sparkling way that reveals the hidden attachments and sensibilities of nonliterate sixteenth-century villagers. Here we see men and women trying to fashion their identities within a world of traditional ideas about property and family and of changing ideas about religion. We learn what happens when common people get involved in the workings of the criminal courts in the ancien r?gime, and how judges struggle to decide who a man was in the days before fingerprints and photographs. We sense the secret affinity between the eloquent men of law and the honey-tongued village impostor, a rare identification across class lines. Deftly written to please both the general public and specialists, The Return of Martin Guerre will interest those who want to know more about ordinary families and especially women of the past, and about the creation of literary legends. It is also a remarkable psychological narrative about where self-fashioning stops and lying begins.
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