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The Conquest of the Last Maya Kingdom by Grant Jones
Book Summary InformationAuthor: Grant Jones Edition: Paperback Audio: English (Unknown); English (Original Language); English (Published) Published: 1998-12-01 ISBN: 0804735220 Number of pages: 596 Publisher: Stanford University Press
Book Reviews of The Conquest of the Last Maya KingdomBook Review: Spanish invaders destroy the last intact Maya Kingdom Summary: 4 Stars
I can't say that I have ever had the pleasure to read from beginning to end a more thoroughly and carefully researched work of archeo/historical significance which simultaneously succeeds in grabbing your attention with a sense of paced suspense and drama. The Conquest of the Last Maya Kingdom is based on records Jones painstakingly unearthed from 300+ year old Spanish archives,. It really amounts to the rescue from time's decay of a story, too often repeated, of the directed destruction of an advanced indigenous people of the New World by European invaders, driven by their greed for wealth and power. Additionally, "Conquest" has great relevance to the present day. I find astonishing the uncanny historical parallels between the current conflict over the construction of a road by the Mexican Government into the Lacandon region of the Chiapas for the military suppression of a popular indigenous revolt, and the creation at great expense by the Spanish colonial government of Yucatan in 1697 of a road from Campeche to Lago Peten Itza for the purposes of "reducing" the virtually uncontacted and intact Itza Maya kingdom that ruled Peten and tens of thousands of Maya living there. Traditional Maya custom is to view history as a series of cycles that repeat, so perhaps the parallels are to be expected. The "The Conquest of the Last Maya Kingdom" by Grant Jones, an anthropologist, sets force with remarkable detail and scholarship exactly what happened 300 hundred years ago on the Yucatan peninsula, including a detailed examination of the forces and internal conflicts among both the Spanish and the Maya ruling elite regarding the construction of the road through previously unexplored jungle. Ostensibly it was to link the Yucatan with Guatemala, but Jones makes its clear that the introduction of an army into the Peten by the Yucatecan government was the real intent of the road builders. Let's hope that the outcome this time around will be more favorable to the Maya. The military adventure 300 years ago, whose intent, hiding behind a complex screen of religious motives, was to enslave the Maya as laborers on Spanish encomiendas, resulted in the swift and bloody deaths of thousands of uncontacted Maya when the island where the King and the other Maya elites ruled was suddenly attacked by a Spanish galeota laden with soldiers and cannon. Most of the remainder of the Maya died through the introduction of smallpox and influenza and overall civil collapse, leaving the region severely depopulated for centuries.
Summary of The Conquest of the Last Maya KingdomOn March 13, 1697, Spanish troops from Yucatán attacked and occupied Nojpeten, the capital of the Maya people known as Itzas, the inhabitants of the last unconquered native New World kingdom. This political and ritual center—located on a small island in a lake in the tropical forests of northern Guatemala—was densely covered with temples, royal palaces, and thatched houses, and its capture represented a decisive moment in the final chapter of the Spanish conquest of the Mayas.
The capture of Nojpeten climaxed more than two years of preparation by the Spaniards, after efforts by the military forces and Franciscan missionaries to negotiate a peaceful surrender with the Itzas had been rejected by the Itza ruling council and its ruler Ajaw Kan Ek?. The conquest, far from being final, initiated years of continued struggle between Yucatecan and Guatemalan Spaniards and native Maya groups for control over the surrounding forests. Despite protracted resistance from the native inhabitants, thousands of them were forced to move into mission towns, though in 1704 the Mayas staged an abortive and bloody rebellion that threatened to recapture Nojpeten from the Spaniards.
The first complete account of the conquest of the Itzas to appear since 1701, this book details the layers of political intrigue and action that characterized every aspect of the conquest and its aftermath. The author critically reexamines the extensive documentation left by the Spaniards, presenting much new information on Maya political and social organization and Spanish military and diplomatic strategy.
This is not only one of the most detailed studies of any Spanish conquest in the Americas but also one of the most comprehensive reconstructions of an independent Maya kingdom in the history of Maya studies. In presenting the story of the Itzas, the author also reveals much about neighboring lowland Maya groups with whom the Itzas interacted, often violently.
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