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Collected Fictions by Jorge Luis Borges
Book Summary InformationAuthor: Jorge Luis Borges Translator: Andrew Hurley Edition: Paperback Audio: English (Unknown); English (Original Language); English (Published) Published: 1999-09-01 ISBN: 0140286802 Number of pages: 576 Publisher: Penguin (Non-Classics)
Book Reviews of Collected FictionsBook Review: Borges in wonderland Summary: 5 Stars
ÒEvery author creates his own pedigreeÓ says Borges, and it would not be entirely unfair to say that Borges had spent the better part of his life in establishing this pedigree. I think, I have read every single line Borges ever had put to print. Some time in my mid-twenties I got hooked when I read for the first time a tale entitled ÒThe ZahirÓ and I didnÕt let go ever after. To my mind especially this story gives the whole Borges in a nutshell. It defies a straightforward explanation and suggests a facetted reflection of different perspectives, but packaged in a deceptively lucid and straightforward narrative. What are those objects which dispense such mysterious power to possess our imagination from the moment we catch sight of them? IsnÕt it actually just one object that reincarnates through the centuries in all kinds of shapes? Or could it be just a figment of paranoia in a mentally troubled mind with no actual referent in the real world? Nabokov in one of his (ma!ny) grumpier moments complained about Borges art as being Òall porch and no house behind.Ó Nabokov has a point. But letÕs be honest. Instead of churning out a so-so novel and make the reader waste days and weeks over it, it is so much snappier and more interesting to write a mouth-watering review on ÒThe Approach to Al-MuÕtasim.Ó Yes, I confess. I fell for it, and searched the central catalogue of the British Library for this book, and of course I didnÕt find it. BorgesÕs fictional review was a hoax, but it spurned a new direction in his own production. In a sense all of Borges short stories are sketches for much larger novels, and yet manage to say it all in fewer words. The trick is to leave a characterÕs psychology utterly to the readerÕs intuition and be strictly matter of fact and without frills. Only recently, when I looked into the old Icelandic sagas it occurred to me how much BorgesÕ craft actually owes to the Norse storytellers, a fact Borges himself had never hidden!, but one has to see it with oneÕs own eyes to appreciate the similarities. The Norse sagas appear to be all surface. As an advance on his inheritance, a son steals a few implements from his fatherÕs cottage, moves away and starts an enterprise of his own, he succeeds beyond expectation, branches out, takes in an apprentice, promotes him as his steward, but disappoints the fellow, because he doesnÕt offer him a full partnership. Tension develops, the steward decides ... we get the picture. Borges initially looked to Kafka as his most important influence, but then he discovered for himself the potential of the saga style and found ways to load the text with a world of allusions and suggestions underneath of a deceptively straightforward surface. I guess Borges is the opposite extreme to Marcel Proust, and the difference between the two represents a fundamental polarity in the narrative universe. A polarity which had always been there, we can follow it back to the Norse sagas !and their Japanese counterpart, MurasakiÕs ÒPrince Genji,Ó or to ApuleiusÕ ribald tale and the sometimes tantalizing glimpses on the rich and minute structure of omniscient realism suggested by the extant fragments of PetronÕs ÒSatyricon.Ó It is not so much a difference in subtlety, but more of the narratorÕs temperament. You either seek completeness and offer life to be swallowed whole, or you prefer to be selective with your effects and to create a mirror cabinet of perspectives as the actual object of your narrative. Both is a legitimate way of storytelling, the difference lays in the narratorÕs concept of truth, whether the accent is put on omniscient totality, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, and to the full extent of the artistÕs capacity to cope and let things permeate his temperament, or whether a more opaque, a more sceptical mentality is making choices and opens room to consider plausible alternatives and surprising spectres in a slimmer but more suggesti!ve texture. The former appeals more to the readers whole spectrum of sensuality, the latter highlights sensual events for the intellect. It is a bit like lovemaking - some people are quite happy just to rub the partnerÕs skin and take it all in, hair smell and smile; others need to get their fantasy going, for them, sex is primarily an event in their imagination, even during the act. In this sense, James Joyce could never make up his mind which way he wanted to go, but apparently you canÕt have it both ways. And since it affects the artistÕs entire personality this is more than a matter of capriciously deciding how to tell my next tale. It is one of the crossroads in life one has to take, and no possibility to retract your steps. Borges of course had not much of a choice. No matter how much talent one has, impaired eyesight and eventual blindness dictate the direction. Degas in his old age turned to sculpture - what else could he do? In Borges case, the handicap has as much !to do with his artistic choices, as has his private discovery of the Icelandic Sagas. Every sensual moment becomes precious and treasured in ways that could never occur to a Tolstoy or Proust. As a reader I am not sure whether I want to choose between these people. I like them all. At least thatÕs what I tell myself. But my clock knows better. I simply spend more time with the likes of Borges, who demand so little of my time, than the much more expansive ladies and gentlemen with their 3 decker tomes. Tolstoy feeds to my appetites but over Borges I can dream.
Summary of Collected FictionsJorge Luis Borges has been called the greatest Spanish-language writer of our century. Now for the first time in English, all of Borges' dazzling fictions are gathered into a single volume, brilliantly translated by Andrew Hurley. From his 1935 debut with The Universal History of Iniquity, through his immensely influential collections Ficciones and The Aleph, these enigmatic, elaborate, imaginative inventions display Borges' talent for turning fiction on its head by playing with form and genre and toying with language. Together these incomparable works comprise the perfect one-volume compendium for all those who have long loved Borges, and a superb introduction to the master's work for those who have yet to discover this singular genius. Although Jorge Luis Borges published his first book in 1923--doling out his own money for a limited edition of Fervor de Buenos Aires--he remained in Argentinian obscurity for almost three decades. In 1951, however, Ficciones appeared in French, followed soon after by an English translation. This collection, which included the cream of the author's short fictions, made it clear that Borges was a world-class (if highly unclassifiable) artist--a brilliant, lyrical miniaturist, who could pose the great questions of existence on the head of pin. And by 1961, when he shared the French Prix Formentor with Samuel Beckett, he seemed suddenly to tower over a half-dozen literary cultures, the very exemplar of modernism with a human face. By the time of his death in 1986, Borges had been granted old master status by almost everybody (except, alas, the gentlemen of the Swedish Academy). Yet his work remained dispersed among a half-dozen different collections, some of them increasingly hard to find. Andrew Hurley has done readers a great service, then, by collecting all the stories in a single, meticulously translated volume. It's a pleasure to be reminded that Borges's style--poetic, dreamlike, and compounded of innumerable small surprises--was already in place by 1935, when he published A Universal History of Iniquity: "The earth we inhabit is an error, an incompetent parody. Mirrors and paternity are abominable because they multiply and affirm it." (Incidentally, the thrifty author later recycled the second of these aphorisms in his classic bit of bookish metaphysics, "Tlon, Uqbar, Orbis Teris.") The glories of his middle period, of course, have hardly aged a day. "The Garden of the Forking Paths" remains the best deconstruction of the detective story ever written, even in the post-Auster era, and "Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote" puts the so-called death of the author in pointed, hilarious perspective. But Hurley's omnibus also brings home exactly how consistent Borges remained in his concerns. As late as 1975, in "Avelino Arredondo," he was still asking (and occasionally even answering) the same riddles about time and its human repository, memory: "For the man in prison, or the blind man, time flows downstream as though down a slight decline. As he reached the midpoint of his reclusion, Arredondo more than once achieved that virtually timeless time. In the first patio there was a wellhead, and at the bottom, a cistern where a toad lived; it never occurred to Arredondo that it was the toad's time, bordering on eternity, that he sought." Throughout, Hurley's translation is crisp and assured (although this reader will always have a soft spot for "Funes, the Memorious" rather than "Funes, His Memory.") And thanks to his efforts, Borgesians will find no better--and no more pleasurable--rebuttal of the author's description of himself as "a shy sort of man who could not bring himself to write short stories." --James Marcus
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